Rwanda Travel Guide
ABOUT RWANDA
Known as the “Land of a Thousand Hills,” Rwanda is a beautiful country in the heart of Africa, about 75 miles south of the equator. Despite being linked to tragic events in 1994 Rwanda Genocide, Rwanda has since embraced a culture and vision of hope and peace. Now a unified nation, Rwanda has become a top tourist destination, highlighting breathtaking landscapes and unique experiences, such as the renowned gorilla trekking safaris!
WHY TRAVEL TO RWANDA?
- The Fascinating Mountain Gorillas – within a few hours of trekking through the montane forest, you will encounter these marvellous creatures and spend an hour observing them engage in natural behaviours. Volcanoes National Park is the home of half of the world’s gorilla population.
- March in the Footsteps of Well-known primatologist, Diana Fossey – Dian Fossey was renowned for her groundbreaking work as a primatologist. She extensively studied gorillas and led efforts to protect them. Visiting her grave shrine is an experience that encompasses education, advocacy, courage, celebration, and tragedy. After being imprisoned in Congo, she escaped and moved to Rwanda, where she continued her anti-poaching work and taught the gorillas to fear humans. Unfortunately, Fossey was later murdered by gorilla poachers.
- Primates, Primates & More Primates– Rwanda is renowned as the top destination for gorilla trekking, but the country also boasts a variety of other captivating primate species such as chimpanzees, golden monkeys, blue monkeys, and black and white colobus monkeys. A safari in Rwanda offers visitors an unmatched opportunity to observe these incredible primates in their natural habitat.
- Topnotch Hiking & Trekking Trails – Both Volcanoes Mountains and Nyungwe Forest offer hiking and trekking trails that lead to some of the most breathtaking landscapes on Earth. The most challenging trek takes you to the snow-capped summit of Mount Karisimbi, which reaches an altitude of 4507 metres. This peak is one of eight major volcanoes in the Virunga region.
- Central – East Africa’s Rewarding Safari Destination – In the North East of Rwanda, you can find Akagera National Park, the largest protected wetland in Africa. This park is home to more than 12,000 mammals, including the “Big Five,” and over 500 species of birds.
- Paradise for birdwatchers – Rwanda is home to more than 650 species of birds. Over 310 species have been documented in the Nyungwe Forest, not including 13 species and 16 subspecies endemic to the Virungas and Rwenzoris in Volcanoes Mountains. Some of the beautiful bird species found in Volcanoes National Park include the white-tailed blue flycatcher, cinnamon bracken warbler, black-and-white mannikin, and red-throated wryneck.
- Unforgettable Beach Getaway – Lake Kivu, with a total surface area of 2700 square kilometres and an elevation of 1460 metres, is unquestionably the ultimate beach escape in Central Africa. After days of exploring Rwanda’s lush green rainforests, trekking to see the mountain gorillas, and encountering other captivating primates, Lake Kivu is the perfect place to relax and reflect on your remarkable experiences in Rwanda!
- Rwanda Culture – The Tutsi, Hutu, and Twa are tribal groups in Rwanda with a shared commitment to the betterment of all Rwandan people. They promote peace and reconciliation and actively oppose the ideology of genocide. Visiting one of their villages offers the opportunity to experience and appreciate their culture, arts, beliefs, and much more, while also providing them with a source of income to support education, healthcare, and other essential resources.
- Genocide Museum & Kigali the Capital City – The Genocide Memorial in Kigali documents the mass killings in Rwanda in 1994, which were part of the country’s civil war between the Tutsi and Hutu. These memorials serve as moving testimonies to the memory of the genocide against the Tutsi and other people who lost their lives. As Rwanda continues to emerge from its heartbreaking past, Kigali represents hope and the future by becoming a flourishing centre for business and economic development while maintaining its charming character.
RWANDA SAFARI PREPARATION & TIPS
The Best Time to Visit Rwanda
As it is 2 degrees below the equator in the heart of Africa, Rwanda offers a pleasant, temperate climate, which is perfect for vacationing at most times of the year. Rwanda does not have extreme weather variations between seasons unlike Tanzania or Kenya however the mountainous zones of the north and west tend to be cooler than those in the east and centre and typically experience rainfall more often.
Rwanda has two dry seasons and two wet seasons respectively. The dry season starts from June to half- way of October and Mid Dec to February.
The long-wet season is between March to May while the short-wet season lasts from late October to Mid-December.
Dry seasons are considered the best time for any activity in Rwanda as the days are clear with sunshine, less muddier trails, thinner thicket and fewer bugs.
Rwanda is dominated by rain forest so we do not recommend travelling during the (long) wet season.
Recommended Destinations to Visit in Rwanda
Rwanda is a popular destination for gorilla trekking at Volcanoes Mountains National Park. The country is also home to a variety of fascinating primate species, such as chimpanzees, golden monkeys, and blue and black colobus monkeys, which can be found in Nyungwe Forest National Park. One of the highlights of visiting this lush forest is taking a canopy walk. Akagera National Park is another must-visit, offering the opportunity to view Rwanda’s stunning wildlife. For a relaxing beach getaway, Lake Kivu is the ideal destination at the end of your trip.
In Kigali, the Genocide Museum is a powerful site to learn about Rwanda’s tragic history, particularly the events of 1994 and the country’s civil war between the Tutsi and Hutu people. Despite this dark past, the Rwandan people have embraced peace and reconciliation and actively oppose the ideology of genocide. Rwanda has since become one of Africa’s most peaceful and safest countries. The capital city, Kigali, symbolises hope and progress, serving as a thriving centre for business and economic development while retaining its charming character.
How Far Ahead to Plan a Trip to Rwanda
Rwanda gorilla permits are limited to a specific number of people per day. Therefore, we recommend booking your trip well in advance, ideally at least six months before your planned arrival date. Planning will allow you to create the most suitable itinerary for your holiday with the help of our experts. Confirming your safari as early as possible will also give you the advantage of choosing your accommodations and other personal preferences.
Travel Documents Needed for Rwanda
To visit Rwanda, you will need a valid passport and visa. Ensure your passport is valid for at least six months from the entry date and has at least two blank pages. You can obtain a Rwanda visa before travelling or arriving at Rwanda’s port of entry. To save time at the port of entry or airport, you can also obtain a visa in advance at any Rwandan diplomatic mission or online. The cost of a Rwanda tourist visa is $50 per person.
Flights & Airports
Rwanda has only one international airport, Kigali International Airport (KGL), nested in Kanombe, 10km East of Kigali city centre. Rwanda can be reached from any major airport in the world sometimes with connecting flights. The most common international airlines to Rwanda are Ethiopian Airlines, Kenya Airways, Rwandair, Qatar Airways, KLM Dutch Royal Airways, and Brussels Airlines, with onward connections to many European cities.
In addition to KGL, Rwanda boasts a network of smaller airfields and landing strips throughout the country. This infrastructure allows for convenient domestic and chartered flights, making it easy to reach any safari destination in the country.
Travel Insurance(s)
We strongly recommend purchasing travel insurance that includes coverage for trip cancellations, flight cancellations, lost or stolen luggage, or any other incidents that may affect your safari, as well as coverage for damaged property. It is also important to have international medical insurance. While some travel insurance policies also cover medical needs, having insurance that covers all aspects of your trip as well as medical expenses is essential.
Please note that all guests of Zohar African Safaris are covered for immediate emergency evacuation by Flying Doctors from any location. However, it’s important to understand that this insurance only covers the evacuation and transportation by Flying Doctors from the evacuation point to the hospital door. Therefore, it is essential to have international medical insurance to cover hospital bills. While the likelihood of needing this assistance is low, it’s better to be safe than sorry. Rest assured, our team will be available to assist you in any way we can.
Staying Healthy and Vaccination
Many travellers have common concerns about their health and safety when travelling to Africa. Is it safe to travel to Africa? What are the major health risks in Africa? Yes, it is safe to travel to Africa and if you follow health protocols, there are no health risks.
The best choice of vaccines for your trip depends on many individual factors, including your precise travel plans. We advise you to consult a travel medicine clinic or personal doctor before travelling to Rwanda for any up-to-date information on the latest health precautions and vaccination recommendations. We recommend doing this at least 6 weeks before the intended departure day.
Routine vaccines for African travel include protection against chickenpox, measles, polio, influenza, measles, diphtheria, mumps and rubella, pertussis, and tetanus. Additionally, a “booster-shot” for Meningitis or Rabies is advisable.
The government of Rwanda may require proof of yellow fever vaccination upon arrival if you are travelling from a country with risk of yellow fever.
Malaria
Malaria is widespread throughout Rwanda with the exception of high-altitude areas. As Malaria medications vary from country to country, make sure your physician knows you will be travelling to Rwanda. We recommend taking malaria pills a few days prior to your trip and a few days after you are back home.
HIV/AIDS is no more a problem in Rwanda than anywhere else in the world. Provided you are not taking undue risks, you have nothing to worry.
In case of needing any medical attention, Rwanda has qualified nurses and doctors. Most camping sites, lodges, and hotels have on site physicians and if your condition is serious, we are in constant contact with the Flying Doctors Service that can evacuate you to a nearby medical facility.
Currency
The currency used in Rwanda is the Rwandan Franc (RWF). Notes are available in denominations of 100, 500, 1000, and 5000, while coins are denominated in 1, 2, 5, 20, 50, and 100.
When travelling to Rwanda, it is advisable to bring US Dollars or Euros in cash. These are the most common and easily exchangeable currencies. The current exchange rate is approximately US $1 = RWF 1,312, and 1€ = RWF 1,406. It’s important to note that currency conversion rates fluctuate daily.
For the best exchange rate, it is recommended to use $50 or $100 bills. You can exchange your money for the local currency at banks, the airport bureau of exchange, bureaus of exchange around town, or authorised hotels. Bureaus of exchange generally offer better rates than banks.
Credit cards: Mastercard and visa cards are widely accepted in Rwanda. But even so, the use of credit cards extends only to certain upmarket hotels in Kigali and very few places outside the capital. A credit card surcharge of 3% – 5% may apply when using the credit card.
The banks’ regular operating hours are from 8:30 am to 4:00 pm. On Saturdays, banks are open from 8:30 am to 12:00 pm. However, the banks and currency exchange services located at Kigali International Airport (KGL) have extended hours. ATMs are available at the Kigali airport, in the city, and in major towns. Please be aware that ATMs dispense Rwandan Franc only.
US dollars or Euros are accepted in certain hotels, large supermarkets and shops. The local currency is accepted everywhere.
Food
A majority of Rwandans are agriculturalists, and their meals rely heavily on starchy crops such as banana, potatoes, maize and cassava. These meals are often served with beans and cabbage and sometimes goat meat. The common meals in Kigali Restaurants and other towns are rice with spicy stews or grilled beef served with French fries.
Tourist hotels and lodges have reasonable choices of western cuisines while some of the restaurants serve other cuisines including Chinese, Greek, Indian, and Italian among others. A fairly good selection of beers, wines, and spirits is available and apart of well-known brands of imported beers, there are some brands brewed locally.
With prior notice, we can arrange halal / kosher meals, or accommodate any dietary restriction. However, please be aware local facilities may not be able to accommodate complicated requests.
Our Safari Guides & Tipping
Zohar exclusively collaborates with safari guide-drivers with over 5 years of experience. Many of these guides have previously worked on National Geographic documentaries or at high-end luxury lodges, earning them recognition as some of the finest safari guides in East Africa. Our guides possess outstanding communication skills, a friendly and approachable demeanour, and adhere to high professional standards. They are adept in various safety procedures and can promptly address any challenges that may arise while navigating the rugged bush terrain.
It’s important to emphasise that the tour guide significantly influences your safari experience by ensuring it is enjoyable and secure and offering valuable insights.
In East Africa, it is customary for safari guides to receive part of their compensation through tips and appreciation from the clients. As a general guideline, it’s customary to offer a gift of around $18 to $25 per client per day to your safari guide. For our cultural and activities guides, a gratuity of $10 to $15 per client per activity is typical.
These guidelines are designed to help you navigate the cultural norms and show your appreciation for the exceptional service our guides provide.
RWANDA SAFARI PACKING LIST
General Packing List
- We highly recommend you to pack as light as possible. Always remember to leave space for souvenirs and gifts.
- You should ensure that you have all the travel documents including passports (and a few photo copies), printed flight ticket, visa, address book including emergency contact, printed trip itinerary, travel insurance and money on your person.
- A small pouch or a bag that hangs around the neck is recommended.
- Strong and comfortable shoes (hiking boots for gorilla trekking), preferably waterproof are highly recommended.
- Cotton and breathable socks.
- Sandals or flip-flops
Baggage Restrictions
- A maximum of 15kg of luggage per person is allowed for light aircraft flights within the country, excluding hand luggage and camera equipment. Additional luggage is charged according to the flight company. International carriers have their own rules, and it is advised to check these.
- Please make sure your valuables such as electronic equipment and money / documents / medication (if applicable) are packed in your hand luggage.
- It is highly recommended that you lock your luggage, and the government takes a strict stance on the transport of ivory / precious stones / tropical woods and food or drinks. When you purchase these items, please make sure you purchase them from certified vendors, able to produce a receipt upon request.
Luggage:
- Waterproof Soft-sided bag of up to 20kg
- Waterproof backpack or small bag that you can hang around the neck
Footwear & Dressing:
- Strong and comfortable shoes (hiking boots for gorilla trekking), preferably waterproof are highly recommended.
- Casual and loose-fitting clothing like short/long sleeved shirts (camouflage clothes are recommended)
- Lightweight breathable pants
- Long-sleeved fleece and sweaters for evenings and/or early mornings.
- Night dresses/pyjamas
- Sun hats and scarf for the dust
- Lightweight rain poncho
- When visiting a village, women should avoid short pants and sleeveless blouses/shirts or short skirts that do not cover the knees out of respect for the local customs and traditions.
Toiletries:
- Microfiber travel towel
- Toothbrush and toothpaste
- Soap (bar or gel soap), conditioner and shampoo with less fragrance
- Body Lotion
- Facial tissue and normal wet tissues
- Comb and small mirror
- Antibacterial gel, hand- wipes and Kleenex
First Aid Kit
- Painkillers e.g. aspirin or Panadol (or others prescribed by your physician)
- Insect repellent and mosquito repellents.
- Crème for itches and rashes (i.e. Benadryl itch relief stick)
- Cold and allergy medicine
- Bandage, gauze and tapes
- Malaria pills
- Stomach Ache medicines
- Diarrhoea medicine
- Prescription antibiotics effective against a wide range of bacteria
- Antihistamines
- Ibuprofen
- Prescription Medications
- Multivitamins
Electronics:
- Camera, extra batteries and charger, memory cards, mini-tripod
- Flashlight and headlight
- UK plug adapter and transformer / voltage converter, if applicable
- Personal music device
Other:
- Maps, guidebooks
- Binoculars
- Money
- Sunglasses, sunscreen and lip balm
- Candies and snacks
- Playing cards, games and reading material
- Travel pillow
SAFARI FAQ
- Is it safe to travel to Rwanda?
Emerging from a tragic past of a 1994 Genocide-associated civil war, Rwanda is one of the most peaceful and safest countries in Africa now. Your safety is our highest priority. We will brief you on all the safety measures while you are with us. Our safari jeeps have more than one spare tyre and a first-aid kit in case of problems, sudden sickness, or injury. The “Flying Doctors” are available for emergency evacuation in case of severe illness or injury.
- What are the major health risks in Africa/Rwanda?
If you are cautious and adhere to common health protocols, there is no increased health risk in Africa.
- What happens if I get seriously sick on safari?
Most camping sites, lodges, and hotels have on-site physicians, and if your condition is serious, we are in constant contact with the Flying Doctors Service. We can evacuate you to a nearby medical facility.
- What type of travel insurance is recommended?
We highly recommend purchasing travel insurance and trip cancellation insurance for your upcoming travel plans. This insurance will provide you with protection in the event of an emergency. Additionally, we offer medical evacuation insurance for medical emergencies, but it’s important to note that this insurance only covers the evacuation and transportation by flying doctors from the point of evacuation to the hospital door. Therefore, it’s essential to have international medical insurance to cover the hospital bills.
- How many days do I need for safari?
It depends on which destinations you want to visit. If you are only interested in gorilla trekking, you can do that within 3-4 days. However, if you are interested in more than seeing gorillas, you may need 6-9 days.
- What parks do you recommend visiting?
Suppose you have 5-7 days or more to spend on safari. We recommend visiting Volcanoes National Park for gorilla trekking, Nyungwe Forest National Park for chimp and other primate safaris, and Akagera National Park to track Rwanda’s wildlife. Spending a few days at Lake Kivu will offer a fantastic experience if you have extra time.
- How many days do you recommend meeting local tribes, doing activities and visiting the parks?
You would need 7 to 10 days.
- What can I expect after booking?
Get ready for a stress-free tour! Once you have booked, we will send you a service voucher, our travel information, and a packing list. We will also provide a detailed safari package with your itinerary, daily tour details, and information about your accommodations. A few weeks before arrival, I will send some helpful final safari tips a few weeks before you arrive.
- Can I make changes after I book?
Yes, we are here to assist you. If you need to modify your itinerary and the number of people, update your contact information, or change the start time or date, please get in touch with us at bookings@zoharafricansafaris.com . For cancellations, please review the relevant cancellation policy before making a booking. Please remember that while we will make every effort to accommodate changes, last-minute changes may be more challenging to arrange.
- What happens if I cancel my trip?
Please read our booking terms and conditions, which include our cancellation policy.
- What kind of camera do you recommend I bring?
A long fixed-lens camera is recommended for clear and comprehensible pictures in the bush. Small cameras are okay for normal pictures, such as a view of the city or market. All of these technologies can be bought in Africa, but due to import fees, the price may be two times higher than in the US or UK.
- What do we do if our flight is delayed?
Please inform us immediately of any changes, whether earlier or at the last minute. If we are not informed promptly, you must arrange your airport transportation. Shuttles and taxis are available at the airport.
- Will a Zohar guide or representative meet me at the airport?
Yes. Please send us your flight details at least 2-3 weeks before your arrival date. You will meet our representative holding a Zohar sign with your name in the public area outside customs.
- What do I do if my luggage arrives late or gets lost?
If your luggage arrives late or gets lost, you will need to fill out a lost luggage form obtained from the airport and give it to the Zohar representative, who will follow up and bring the luggage to you at the hotel later when it arrives.
- Is the water safe to drink?
Bottled or filtered water is always safe to drink, so we highly recommend it. Do not drink from the tap because the water may be of lesser quality or with an unbalanced pH. Bottled water can be purchased within the lodge where you are accommodated, restaurants, or shops around you. We provide safe mineral water throughout the program.
- Which currency is accepted?
The local currency is widely accepted, but US dollars and Euros are also commonly accepted at hotels, some supermarkets, and shops. You can exchange your money for local currency at banks, the Airport Bureau of Exchange, or various exchange bureaus around town. ATMs are conveniently available at all airports and throughout the city.
- What is the current exchange rate?
US $1 = RWF 1,312, 1€ = RWF 1,406. Currency conversion rates keep changing every day. Different denominations return different rates in RWF. US $50 and 100 bills always get the best exchange rates
- Can I use cash, credit cards, or checks?
Most of the accommodations and shops accept cash only. You can use major credit cards in some big shops and hotels. Traveler’s cheques are not acceptable. If you bring cash, it will be a lot easier to make purchases.
- How much money do I need to come with?
The amount of money you need depends on your personal expenses. Your safari package includes lodging, transportation, food, and other items as indicated in your “Price Inclusions”.
- What differentiates a tented camp from a lodge on safari?
A tented camp is made of canvas and mobile, while a lodge is made of concrete walls and floors and has a permanent location. Tented camps are situated close to game areas, while most lodges are far from game areas and isolated.
- What is the local food?
The most common local foods are potatoes, chicken, rice, pasta, corn meal (ugali), beans, various green vegetables, grilled beef, eggs, banana stews or mashed bananas (matoke) and seasonal fruits. All special dietary requests must be communicated upon booking.
- Can I use my phone / iPhone while on safari?
Yes. You should unlock (if locked) your phone or iPhone before you leave for your safari and buy a SIM card for about $1 as soon as you arrive. The local SIM card will enable you to communicate locally and internationally (make calls, send text messages, read emails, etc.). The lodges and hotels also have Wi-Fi in the main areas and some in the rooms.
- What communication technologies do you propose I should bring?
Phone, camera, binoculars and tablet. Please remove them from their packaging as customs officers might consider them “imports” if you don’t, incurring an additional fee.
- What kind of binoculars do you recommend I bring?
For exceptional views take an Alpen 10 x 42, for very good views, take an Alpen 8 x 42. Our guides normally carry their personal binoculars (1-2), so if you are travelling individually or with 2 people, you can use the guide’s binoculars.
- What kind of electrical sockets are used in Rwanda?
Rwanda uses types C and J. We highly recommend a strong and high-quality universal adapter, which can be purchased at any good electronics retailer. Additionally, many hotels and lodges will have an adapter that you may use. Rwanda operates on a 230V supply voltage and 50Hz.
- Can I take my medication with me without problems?
Yes. Over the counter medication (e.g. paracetamol, ibuprofen, cough or allergy medication), is freely permitted entry, provided it is clear the quantities do not exceed normal adult usage. Prescription medication is dependent on the class and nature of the medication, but provided the quantity is small and is proven to be for personal use, this should not give rise to any questions. Some prescription medicine such as morphine-based substances will ideally require a physician’s prescription. The rule of thumb is: “if you need a doctor’s note in Europe or the Americas”, you need one here. Although chances of being searched for this are minimal.
- Is our guide professional and speaks good English?
Yes. Zohar guides have 5+ years of experience in the field. They are highly knowledgeable about the flora and fauna, diverse culture of Africa and geography. They are certified in first-aid and receive first-aid training annually. They also receive different training based on their respective fields three times a year to ensure they attend to clients in the best way possible.
- Will our guide be with us throughout the safari?
Definitely yes, our guide is committed to be available to you whenever you need him, both day and night while on safari or around town.
- How much should I tip a guide?
Most of our guests tip around $18 -$25 per person per day but you can tip more or less depending on how happy you are with your guide or the budget you have set for your trip.
- How many people are in a safari jeep?
We have two kinds of Toyota Land Cruisers, one with five and the other with seven window seats. Each seat has a large, clear window that can be opened. Additionally, all vehicles have roofs that can be opened, allowing passengers to stand and enjoy an unobstructed view in every direction.
- I love getting near to animals, but I’m scared of wild animals potentially hurting me?
Our guides are professionally trained to know how close you can get to the diverse species of wild animals that live in the African bush. You are advised not to get outside the jeep while in the bush. If it happens that you get outside the jeep, you will need to ask for the guide’s permission and stay as close as possible. Silence and as few movements as possible are highly needed when wild animals are close so as not to scare the animals away. Wild animals can get inches from the jeep. At that moment, you are advised to close your window and remain silent while watching them through the open roof of your jeep. AT ALL TIMES: please follow the instructions of your guide. He knows the animals and can judge the threats better than you as these are still wild animals capable of hurting you.
- With wild animals, is it safe for my (young) children?
We do not recommend taking very young children, but generally, as long as they follow the exact instructions, they will be safe within the jeep. Not all accommodations will have suitable facilities for children under the age of 1 -3. Please know the minimum age for gorilla trekking in Volcanoes National Park is 15 years and older.
- Can I feed the animals in the national park?
Feeding the animals inside the park is strictly prohibited. Feeding them may destroy the natural habitat and ecosystem.